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Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) - West Bank (2003)
Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) z West Bank (2003)
| Arctic Ocean (2001) | West Bank (2003) | |
 | | |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years: 44.1% (male 505,880; female 481,369)
15-64 years: 52.4% (male 598,992; female 572,511) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 33,688; female 44,754) (2003 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | olives, citrus, vegetables; beef, dairy products |
| Airports | - | 3 (2002) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total:
14.056 million sq km note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies |
total: 5,860 sq km
land: 5,640 sq km water: 220 sq km note: includes West Bank, Latrun Salient, and the northwest quarter of the Dead Sea, but excludes Mt. Scopus; East Jerusalem and Jerusalem No Man's Land are also included only as a means of depicting the entire area occupied by Israel in 1967 |
| Area - comparative | slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US | slightly smaller than Delaware |
| Background | The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean. | The Israel-PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (the DOP), signed in Washington on 13 September 1993, provided for a transitional period not exceeding five years of Palestinian interim self-government in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Under the DOP, Israel agreed to transfer certain powers and responsibilities to the Palestinian Authority, which includes the Palestinian Legislative Council elected in January 1996, as part of the interim self-governing arrangements in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. A transfer of powers and responsibilities for the Gaza Strip and Jericho took place pursuant to the Israel-PLO 4 May 1994 Cairo Agreement on the Gaza Strip and the Jericho Area and in additional areas of the West Bank pursuant to the Israel-PLO 28 September 1995 Interim Agreement, the Israel-PLO 15 January 1997 Protocol Concerning Redeployment in Hebron, the Israel-PLO 23 October 1998 Wye River Memorandum, and the 4 September 1999 Sharm el-Sheikh Agreement. The DOP provides that Israel will retain responsibility during the transitional period for external security and for internal security and public order of settlements and Israeli citizens. Direct negotiations to determine the permanent status of Gaza and West Bank had begun in September 1999 after a three-year hiatus, but have been derailed by a second intifadah that broke out in September 2000. The resulting widespread violence in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, Israel's military response, and instability within the Palestinian Authority continue to undermine progress toward a permanent agreement. |
| Birth rate | - | 34.07 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues: $930 million
expenditures: $1.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $15 million note: includes Gaza Strip (2000 est.) |
| Climate | polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow | temperate; temperature and precipitation vary with altitude, warm to hot summers, cool to mild winters |
| Coastline | 45,389 km | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Country name | - | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: West Bank |
| Currency | - | new Israeli shekel (ILS); Jordanian dinar (JOD) |
| Death rate | - | 4.16 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $108 million (includes Gaza Strip) (1997 est.) |
| Disputes - international | some maritime disputes (see littoral states) | West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $800 million (includes Gaza Strip) (2001 est.) |
| Economy - overview | Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals. | Real per capita GDP for the West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBGS) declined by about one-third between 1992 and 1996 due to the combined effect of falling aggregate incomes and rapid population growth. The downturn in economic activity was largely the result of Israeli closure policies - the imposition of border closures in response to security incidents in Israel - which disrupted labor and commodity market relationships between Israel and the WBGS. The most serious social effect of this downturn was rising unemployment; unemployment in the WBGS during the 1980s was generally under 5%; by 1995 it had risen to over 20%. Israel's use of comprehensive closures during the next five years decreased and, in 1998, Israel implemented new policies to reduce the impact of closures and other security procedures on the movement of Palestinian goods and labor. These changes fueled an almost three-year-long economic recovery in the West Bank and Gaza Strip; real GDP grew by 5% in 1998 and 6% in 1999. Recovery was upended in the last quarter of 2000 with the outbreak of violence, which triggered tight Israeli closures of Palestinian self-rule areas and severely disrupted trade and labor movements. In 2001, and even more severely in 2002, Israeli military measures in Palestinian Authority areas have resulted in the destruction of much capital plant and administrative structure, widespread business closures, and a sharp drop in GDP. Another major loss has been the decline in earnings of Palestinian workers in Israel. International aid of $2 billion in 2001-02 to the West Bank and Gaza Strip have prevented the complete collapse of the economy. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - imports | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production | - | NA kWh; note - most electricity imported from Israel; East Jerusalem Electric Company buys and distributes electricity to Palestinians in East Jerusalem and its concession in the West Bank; the Israel Electric Company directly supplies electricity to most Jewish residents and military facilities; some Palestinian municipalities, such as Nablus and Janin, generate their own electricity from small power plants |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Fram Basin -4,665 m highest point: sea level 0 m |
lowest point: Dead Sea -408 m
highest point: Tall Asur 1,022 m |
| Environment - current issues | endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack | adequacy of fresh water supply; sewage treatment |
| Ethnic groups | - | Palestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17% |
| Exchange rates | - | new Israeli shekels per US dollar - 4.7378 (2002), 4.2057 (2001), 4.0773 (2000), 4.1397 (1999), 3.8001 (1998), 3.4494 (1997); Jordanian dinars per US dollar - fixed rate of 0.7090 (from 1996) |
| Exports | - | $603 million f.o.b., includes Gaza Strip |
| Exports - commodities | - | olives, fruit, vegetables, limestone |
| Exports - partners | - | Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2000) |
| Fiscal year | - | calendar year (since 1 January 1992) |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $1.7 billion (2002 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture: 9%
industry: 28% services: 63% note: includes Gaza Strip (1999 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $800 (2002 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | -22% (2002 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 90 00 N, 0 00 E | 32 00 N, 35 15 E |
| Geography - note | major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months | landlocked; highlands are main recharge area for Israel's coastal aquifers; there are 242 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the West Bank and 29 in East Jerusalem (February 2002 est.) |
| Highways | - | total: 4,500 km
paved: 2,700 km unpaved: 1,800 km note: Israelis have developed many highways to service Jewish settlements (1997 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | - | $1.9 billion c.i.f., includes Gaza Strip |
| Imports - commodities | - | food, consumer goods, construction materials |
| Imports - partners | - | Israel, Jordan, Gaza Strip (2000) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA% |
| Industries | - | generally small family businesses that produce cement, textiles, soap, olive-wood carvings, and mother-of-pearl souvenirs; the Israelis have established some small-scale, modern industries in the settlements and industrial centers |
| Infant mortality rate | - | total: 20.68 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 22.86 deaths/1,000 live births female: 18.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 2.2% (includes Gaza Strip) (2001 est.) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 8 (1999) |
| Irrigated land | - | NA sq km |
| Labor force | - | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | services 66%, industry 21%, agriculture 13% (1996) |
| Land boundaries | - | total: 404 km
border countries: Israel 307 km, Jordan 97 km |
| Land use | - | arable land: NEGL%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | - | Arabic, Hebrew (spoken by Israeli settlers and many Palestinians), English (widely understood) |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population: 72.68 years
male: 70.95 years female: 74.51 years (2003 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition: NA
total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle | Middle East, west of Jordan |
| Map references | Arctic Region | Middle East |
| Maritime claims | - | none (landlocked) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $NA |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | NA% |
| Nationality | - | noun: NA
adjective: NA |
| Natural hazards | ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May | droughts |
| Natural resources | sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales) | arable land |
| Net migration rate | - | 3.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Population | - | 2,237,194 (July 2002 est.)
note: in addition, there are about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank and fewer than 177,000 in East Jerusalem (February 2002 est.) (July 2003 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | 60% (2002 est.) |
| Population growth rate | - | 3.3% (2003 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US) | none |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0
note: the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation broadcasts from an AM station in Ramallah on 675 kHz; numerous local, private stations are reported to be in operation (2000) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | - | Muslim 75% (predominantly Sunni), Jewish 17%, Christian and other 8% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: NA note: Israeli company BEZEK and the Palestinian company PALTEL are responsible for communication services in the West Bank |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 95,729 (total for West Bank and Gaza Strip) (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | - | NA |
| Terrain | central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge) | mostly rugged dissected upland, some vegetation in west, but barren in east |
| Total fertility rate | - | 4.65 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | 50% (includes Gaza Strip) (2002 est.) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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